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Article History

Received: 19 December 2025

Accepted: 27 January 2026

First Online: 4 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Iran University of Medical Sciences (IR.IUMS.FMD.REC.1404.264). All procedures were conducted in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations, including the Declaration of Helsinki. Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion in the study, with explicit assurance of confidentiality regarding patient identity and clinical data.

: Written informed consent for publication of clinical data was obtained from all patients included in this study. This consent covered the publication of anonymized clinical information as well as any accompanying images and video materials. In addition, written informed consent for publication of identifiable images was obtained from all individuals appearing in the video materials. All persons visible in the videos, including healthcare professionals whose faces may be identifiable, provided explicit written consent for publication.

: The authors declare no competing interests.