Fachrucha, Fanny
Andarini, Sita
Burhan, Erlina
Wibowo, Heri
Kekalih, Aria
Hidayat, Moulid
Adyasiwi, Galoeh
Syuaib, Farhana Ibrahim
Wiyono, Wiwien Heru
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of Indonesia (No. NKB-871/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2024)
Article History
Received: 29 October 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 25 February 2026
Declarations
:
: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of Persahabatan National Respiratory Referral Hospital (No. 0125/KEPK-RSUPP/05/2024) and Jakarta Islamic Hospital Cempaka Putih (No. 20/EC/KEP/07/2024) that complied with institutional and international ethical standards.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.