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Authors
Yang, Bin
Li, Rou
Ming, Xing
Zeng, Xianchun
Tan, Songsong
Wu, Yaoyao
Zhang, Xiangyan
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Guizhou Provincial Health Commssion (gzwkj2022-255)
Guizhou Provincial Health Commssion (gzwkj2021-095)
Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Support Program (QKH[2025]148)
National Science and Technology Major Project (2024ZD0529701)
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Article History
Received: 5 August 2025
Accepted: 13 February 2026
First Online: 20 February 2026
Declarations
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: This study strictly adhered to the ethical principles outlined in the Helsinki Declaration. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital (Approval No. 2021207), which waived the requirement for obtaining informed consent from participants. This exemption was based on the retrospective nature of the study utilizing de-identified medical records; compliance with the relevant article of China’s Ethical Review Measures for Life Sciences and Medical Research Involving Humans regarding exemption criteria; and full alignment with the Personal Information Protection Law’s special provisions for scientific research.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
