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Incidence, viral etiology, and risk factors of wheezing in children under two years of age: findings from a low-income urban community in Dhaka, Bangladesh

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12890-026-04281-4

Published Online: 2026-04-14

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Shoshi, Homayra Rahman

Pyash, Ashrak Shad

Biswas, Md Abdullah Al Jubayer

Riaj, Md. Altaf Ahmed

Rahman, Mustafizur

Haque, Rashidul

Petri, William

Chowdhury, Fahmida

Hassan, Md. Zakiul
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Foundation
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2026-04-14

Accepted Manuscript valid from 2026-04-14
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Article History

Received: 3 January 2026

Accepted: 6 April 2026

First Online: 14 April 2026

Declarations

:

: The Institutional Review Board (IRB) of icddr,b approved the study protocol. The Institutional Review Board at the US CDC relied on icddr.b’s approval. Parents/caregivers of the enrolled children provided written informed consent to participate. All procedures performed in this study involving human participants were in accordance with the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its subsequent amendments.Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. The study team provided comprehensive oral and written explanations in the local language (Bangla) regarding the research aims, objectives, potential risks and benefits, confidentiality, voluntary participation, the right to withdraw at any time, conflicts of interest, and compensation. Parents were reminded that their participation was entirely voluntary and that all information would remain confidential before they were asked to sign the consent form.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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