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Authors
Yang, Zhenzhen
Chang, Cheng
Zhang, Xiaolin
Feng, Ruiting
Wang, Chen
Meng, Jingjie
Zhang, Lu
Song, Yinsen
Fan, Tianli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
2024 Zhengzhou Medical and Health Technology Innovation Guidance Program Project (2024YLZDJH297)
2024 Zhengzhou Medical and Health Technology Innovation Guidance Program Project (2024YLZDJH299)
Henan Provincial Key Science and Technology Project (262102310236)
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Article History
Received: 30 June 2025
Accepted: 1 September 2026
First Online: 5 September 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Zhengzhou People’s Hospital (Approval No. KY2025-042-03) and strictly adhered to the ethical principles for retrospective studies outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, as well as local regulatory requirements. As this study solely involved analysis of anonymized retrospective data and met all criteria for ethical exemption, the Ethics Committee formally waived the requirement for obtaining written informed consent.Consent to Participate declaration could be seen in supplementary data.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
