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Authors
Liu, Chang
Wang, Kun
Jie, Chenggang
Yin, Xiaolin
Zhou, Yiting
Zhao, Wei
Xu, Jiaxing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Nursing Scientific Research Project of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (2025H01, 2025H01, 2025H01, 2025H01, 2025H01)
The Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province (PL2024H075)
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Article History
Received: 3 March 2025
Accepted: 10 June 2025
First Online: 4 July 2025
Declarations
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: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University (No. 2024339).The ethical standards from the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments were upheld. Informed consent was obtained from all participants for this study.
: Not Applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
: Not applicable.
