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Authors
Lei, Zeming
Wang, Xinzhu
Yin, Liangzi
Zhang, Hui
Yao, Yang
Wang, Yansheng
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Science and Technology Research Project of the Liaoning Provincial Department of Education (JYTMS20231392)
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Article History
Received: 17 February 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 24 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Central Hospital Affiliated to Shenyang Medical College (KE-2024-001(02)). This is a retrospective study, and verbal informed consent was obtained from both patients and their parents. Clinical trial number: not applicable. This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
