Kim, Bo-Seoung
Song, Byung-Uk
Lee, Sang-Min
Kim, Seong-Hun
Kang, Jin-Kyu
Ji, Jong-Hun
Article History
Received: 21 May 2025
Accepted: 14 October 2025
First Online: 24 December 2025
Declarations
:
: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of The Catholic University of Korea, Daejeon St. Mary’s Hospital (IRB No. DC24IRSI0042; approval date: July 2, 2024). Written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study.The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.