Wu, ZhengRu
Wu, ChengJian
Chen, Zhi
Lin, JiaJun
Yan, Wenlong
Zhou, Aiguo
Lian, ChengJie
Zhang, Hua
Funding for this research was provided by:
Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China
Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Sixth Batch of Cultivated Disciplines (Phase I, Category C) Construction Project – Orthopaedic Medical Center (2025PYXKC06)
Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 2 January 2026
First Online: 9 January 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University (Approval No.: K2023-576; Approval Date: November 17, 2023). The Ethics Committee waived the requirement for written informed consent for this study. “Because this study was a retrospective cohort analysis and all clinical data were de-identified, the Ethics Committee approved a waiver of written informed consent. This study strictly adhered to all relevant provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.