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Authors
Fu, Hairui
Wei, Fangfang
Cheng, Caitong
Li, Feixiong
Yang, Zhaofei
Tian, Dongliang
Hao, Haihu
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Lüliang City High-Level Sci-Tech Talent Key R&D Program of Shanxi Province (2024RC08)
National Key Research and Development Program of China (2022YFC3601900)
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Article History
Received: 23 November 2025
Accepted: 28 January 2026
First Online: 31 January 2026
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethics approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Fenyang Hospital of Shanxi Province (approval no. 2024RC08) and the Ethics Committee of Shanxi Bethune Hospital (approval no. YXLL-2025-205). The need for individual informed consent to participate was waived by these ethics committees due to the retrospective nature of the study, which involved only the analysis of anonymized data from medical records.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
