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Authors
Ito, Yoshiaki
Suzuki, Daisuke
Kizawa, Fumiya
Kanaizumi, Arata
Hiraiwa, Toshihito
Yahara, Yasuhito
Kawaguchi, Yoshiharu
Nagoya, Satoshi
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tamura Science and Technology Foundation
The JSBMR Frontier Scientist Grant
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 9 March 2026
First Online: 12 March 2026
Declarations
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: This cadaveric study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and the Ethical Guidelines for Medical and Biological Research Involving Human Subjects issued jointly by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare (MHLW), and the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan.Approval for this study was obtained from the Human Ethics Committee of Sapporo Medical University (No.2-1-63).The cadaveric specimens used in this study were donated for research and educational purposes with written informed consent obtained from the individuals prior to death and additional written consent from their families. The use of these specimens was approved by the Human Ethics Committee of Sapporo Medical University (Approval No. 2-1-63).
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
