Zhang, Fumai
Chen, Jiayi
Li, Guang
Wu, Bin
Cai, Wentao
Funding for this research was provided by:
Project of Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province (820MS133)
Project of "Spinal Degenerative Diseases Clinical Management Real-World Study" (WKZX2024JZ0204)
Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 23 March 2026
First Online: 16 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Hainan General Hospital (EC-YLY-2025-135-01), and this study follows the guidelines in the Helsinki Declaration. All participants provided informed consent prior to commencing study involvement.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.