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Authors
Wu, Ke
Bai, Weixia
Guan, Jian
Li, Na
Wang, Baibai
Dong, Hongwei
Li, CongCong
Zhang, Jie
Zhang, Hua
Liu, Huiling https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2361-6557
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
This study was supported by the Nursing Association of Hebei Province,China
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Article History
Received: 28 October 2025
Accepted: 19 June 2026
First Online: 29 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: The research project was approved by the Ethics Committees of The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Approval No.: 2024-R568), The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University (Approval No.: Ke2025−019−1), and The Third Hospital of Shijiazhuang (Approval No.: (2025) Ethics Approval No. 003). All procedures performed on this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki declaration. All participants completed the written informed consents.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
