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Authors
Kivuyo, Nashivai
Amin, Abdulrahaman
Gega, Zephania
Akoko, Larry
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Article History
Received: 16 May 2025
Accepted: 22 July 2025
First Online: 9 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Muhimbili National Hospital Institutional Review Board (Approval number: MNH/IRB/I/052; IRB extension number: MNH/IRB/EXT/2025/002). The study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the IRB and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Given the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized data, the requirement for informed consent was waived by the Muhimbili National Hospital Institutional Review Board.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
