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Authors
He, Tao
Zhu, Xiaojun
Chi, Guanghao
Chen, Huan
Hao, Min
Huang, Xin
Wang, Guanrong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Shanxi Province Health Hanzhong Area Fracture and Osteopathy Treatment Research Innovation Platform (2024PT-16)
Research Fund at the Hospital Level of Hanzhong Central Hospital in Shanxi Province (YK1801)
Shanghai Jianqiao University Doctoral Research Initiation Fund (BBYQ202501)
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Article History
Received: 1 April 2025
Accepted: 30 July 2025
First Online: 25 August 2025
Declarations
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: This study is compliant with ethical standards, having obtained approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (No.2024-22) and waived the requirement for written informed consent from each patient. It adheres to the “Regulations on Management of Medical Records in Health Care Institutions” and the Helsinki Declaration, ensuring the protection of patient data integrity. Comprehensive information regarding the study’s aims, methodology, and benefits was provided to all OR nurses involved in the research.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
