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Authors
Toapichattrakul, Piyapasara https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0988-8988
Santasup, Kittinon
Kittirungsi, Kittisak
Seemakajohn, Thanapat
Kittiwan, Phubodee
Chumachote, Ausareeya
Chakrabandhu, Bandhuphat https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6299-6606
Chakrabandhu, Somvilai https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9860-2098
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Article History
Received: 25 April 2025
Accepted: 4 September 2025
First Online: 29 September 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and Institutional Review Board (IRB), Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand (Study Code: FAC-MED-2566-0546), and conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The committee was chaired by Emeritus Professor Panja Kulapongs. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and use of anonymized data. All patient data were de-identified and analyzed anonymously to protect confidentiality.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
