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Authors
Wang, Tiying
Ma, Xiang
Zhang, Ya
Li, Jing
Han, Lei
Nabil, Zia-ul-Haq
Liu, Yan
Cai, Linhao
Wang, Weiquan
Huang, Zhou
Yang, Zuozhang
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (NO.202401AT070353)
Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (NO.202401AT070353)
Yunnan Fundamental Research Projects (NO.202401AT070353)
Scientific Research Fund project of Education Department of Yunnan Province (NO.2025J0181)
Scientific Research Fund project of Education Department of Yunnan Province (NO.2025J0181)
Scientific Research Fund project of Education Department of Yunnan Province (NO.2025J0181)
National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.82260590)
the Joint Special Funds for the Department of Science and Technology of Yunnan Province- Kunming Medical University (Nos.202301AY070001-029)
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Article History
Received: 3 June 2025
Accepted: 29 September 2025
First Online: 31 October 2025
Declarations
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: This study is a retrospective observational study, and all data are derived from routine diagnosis and treatment records. The research plan was approved by the Ethics Committee of Yunnan Cancer Hospital (Approval No.: KYCS2025-231; Approval Date: May 23, 2025). For retrospectively analyzed imaging data, the Ethics Committee exempted the repeated informed consent requirement in some patients, but all data were anonymous and only clinical parameters related to the study were retained, which complies with the exemption clauses of the Declaration of 1964 Helsinki and the Chinese “Ethics Review Measures for Biomedical Research Involving Humans”.
: Consent for publication.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
