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Authors
Li, Haochao
Liu, Chenyu
Chen, Pengfei
Wang, Shaoye
Li, Xuanshu
Luo, Xinjin
Xie, Yongquan
Wang, Xu
Wang, Liqing
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2021-1-I2M-016)
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Article History
Received: 6 July 2025
Accepted: 15 October 2025
First Online: 18 November 2025
Declarations
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: The study adhered to the principles of the Helsinki Declaration and the Measures for Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans. The protocol was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Fuwai Hospital (Approval No. 2023-2005). Informed consent was waived because of the retrospective nature of the study and anonymized data processing.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
