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Authors
Yadav, Dipesh Kumar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3068-6483
Wang, Pengwei https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7117-1864
Ming, Li https://orcid.org/0009-0004-7547-2392
Bao, Dandan https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4811-769X
Huang, Yi
Yang, Zhangwei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2858-2375
Huang, Hanzhang https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0759-1467
Lin, Sisi https://orcid.org/0009-0001-3377-012X
Hu, Yiren https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5054-9734
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Article History
Received: 29 October 2025
Accepted: 5 December 2025
First Online: 15 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of Wenzhou People’s Hospital (Approval Code: KY-20512-05). The IRB waived the requirement for informed consent for the use of anonymized patient data in this retrospective analysis. However, informed consent for the surgical procedure was obtained from all patients or their legal guardians as part of routine clinical care.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
