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Authors
Wu, Tung-Lung
Tsao, Lien-Cheng
Chen, Yang-Yuan
Wang, Bing-Yen
Yen, Hsu-Heng
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Article History
Received: 4 November 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 27 December 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was reviewed and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Changhua Christian Hospital (approval No. 250525). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the IRB due to the retrospective design and use of de-identified data. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data (including images) that would compromise anonymity.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
