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Article History

Received: 17 August 2025

Accepted: 9 January 2026

First Online: 24 February 2026

Declarations

:

: The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of the Catholic University of Korea, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea (No. KC23RISI0717). All individual information was anonymized before data processing, and the study was conducted in accordance with the ethical principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Due to the retrospective study, the requirement for informed consent was waived.

: Informed consent for publication obtained from all study participants.

: Disclosures In Kyeong Kim, Jung Hoon Bae, Soo Ji Park, Yoon Suk Lee, and In Kyu Lee have no conflicts of interest or financial ties to disclose.

: No potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported.

: The authors declare no competing interests.