Zhipeng, Liu
Ziqiang, Han
Shizhe, Zhang
Ruilan, Yu
Yupeng, Jiang
Yijie, Hao
Zheyu, Niu
Xin, Wang
Jun, Lu
Hengjun, Gao
Faji, Yang
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82200706)
Article History
Received: 10 October 2025
Accepted: 21 January 2026
First Online: 13 February 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Shandong Provincial Hospital (Approval No. SWYX: NO.2022 − 292). The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Owing to its retrospective design and anonymized data, the requirement for written informed consent was waived by the Ethics Committee.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.