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Article History

Received: 31 October 2025

Accepted: 29 January 2026

First Online: 4 February 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Declaration of Helsinki. Ethical approval was obtained from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee of Malatya Turgut Özal University (Approval No: E-30785963-020-286331, Date: February 5, 2025). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrolment.

: Not applicable. The manuscript does not contain any individual person’s data in any form (including images, videos, or personal details).

: The authors declare no competing interests