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Authors
Luo, Xiaohai
Ma, Ning
Yang, Yanchuan
Ma, Huirong
Lu, Ermei
Wang, Yuhai
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Article History
Received: 16 March 2026
Accepted: 8 June 2026
First Online: 22 June 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (approval No. 2026-LL-050). The requirement for informed consent was waived by the Institutional Ethics Committee of the People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region because of the retrospective nature of the study and the use of de-identified clinical data. All procedures involving human participants were performed in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and with the Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments.
Consent for publication: Not applicable. This manuscript does not contain any individual person’s identifiable data, images, or videos.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
