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Article History

Received: 20 February 2026

Accepted: 15 June 2026

First Online: 20 June 2026

Declarations

:

: This study is a retrospective analysis based on the clinical data of inpatients at Zhongxiang People’s Hospital. The study followed the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki and received ethical approval from the Ethics Committee of Zhongxiang People’s Hospital. Since this was a retrospective study and the data used were fully anonymized, the Ethics Committee waived the requirement for informed consent from patients, in accordance with the 2016 “Regulations on the Ethical Review of Biomedical Research Involving Humans,” which allows the waiver of informed consent for retrospective studies.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.