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Authors
Wen, Bangjun
Yang, Shutong
Zhao, Shizhou
Gao, Aiguo
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Major Project of Wuxi Municipal Health Commission (Z202421)
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Article History
Received: 19 May 2026
Accepted: 14 August 2026
First Online: 19 August 2026
Declarations
Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuxi People’s Hospital (2025010) before data collection and analysis. The research adhered to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki, and informed consent was obtained from all patients for MIS-TLIF or UBE-TLIF surgery. As this investigation is not a prospective clinical study assessing health outcomes, a clinical trial number is not applicable.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
