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Authors
Liu, Tong-Zu
Li, Bing
Zhang, Yong
Li, Bo
Wang, Wei
Wang, Yong-Zhi
Zuo, Ying-Tong
Wang, Xing-Huan
Wu, Zhong-Hua
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Transformation of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (2022CGZH-MS008, 2022CGZH-MS008, 2022CGZH-MS008, 2022CGZH-MS008)
Science and Technology Innovation Cultivation Fund, Institute of Urology, Wuhan University (ZLYNXM20200208, ZLYNXM20200208, ZLYNXM20200208, ZLYNXM20200208, ZLYNXM20200208)
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Article History
Received: 23 December 2024
Accepted: 5 May 2025
First Online: 15 May 2025
Declarations
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: This retrospective study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University (Approval Number: 2023228 K). The study adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. The requirement for written informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study. All patient data were anonymized before analysis.
: Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication and any accompanying images. A copy of the written consent is available for review by the Editor-in-Chief of this journal on request.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Not applicable.
