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Authors
Wei, Mengchao
Huang, Houfeng
Xiao, Yu
Fan, Xinrong
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Article History
Received: 20 June 2025
Accepted: 18 September 2025
First Online: 15 October 2025
Declarations
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: The study has been approved by the institutional review board of the Ethic Committee of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital and it conforms to the provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki. The informed consent was waived due to the retrospective design of the study by the institutional review board of the Ethic Committee of the Peking Union Medical College Hospital.
: The article has been read by the patients and agreed to be published in BMC Urology. Our patients gave written informed consent for their personal or clinical details along with any identifying images to be published in this study.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
