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Authors
Chiang, Ting-Yi
Lee, Kau-Han
Hsieh, Chia-Chih
Chen, Zhi-Hao
Huang, Steven K.
Chiu, Allen W.
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Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 21 October 2025
First Online: 19 December 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Chi Mei Medical Center (IRB No. 11405-020). The requirement for informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 2013 Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
