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Authors
Hassanine, Nada N. A. M.
Amin, Ali H.
Hafez, Elsayed E.
Ahmed, Mohamed Morsi M.
Ismail, Ahmed H.
Mohamed, Asmaa Zayed
El Halim, Heba Abd
El-Sayed, Ghada M.
Adss, Ibrahim A. A.
Radwan, Khaled H.
Abo-Zaid, Mabrouk A.
Rashad, Amr M. A.
Husien, Hosameldeen Mohamed
Saleh, Ahmed A. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1314-8066
Wang, Mengzhi
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Article History
Received: 2 March 2026
Accepted: 30 June 2026
First Online: 15 July 2026
Declarations
Ethical approval: The animal-related work in this study was overseen and approved by Alexandria University, Faculty of Agriculture ( Al-Shatby ), Egypt (No. AU082209203101 & No. AU082209203103) and Yangzhou University, College of Animal Science and Technology, China (No. 202512051). All animals were housed and sampled at a privately owned commercial farm (Elmabrok Farm, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt) under a formal research cooperation agreement with the approving institutions. Written informed consent was obtained from the farm owner, allowing the use of animals, collection of samples, and publication of the resulting data. The ethical approvals obtained from the universities explicitly covered the research activities conducted at this farm site. All experimental methods adhered to the FASS Guide (2010) available at and the AVMA Euthanasia Guidelines (2020) available at . The research was also conducted in accordance with the ARRIVE guidelines available at .
Consent to participate: All animals were obtained from a privately owned commercial farm “Elmabrok Farm”, located in El‑Hammam, Matrouh Governorate, Egypt. Written informed consent was obtained from the farm owner, allowing the use of animals, collection of samples, and publication of the resulting data.
Consent for publication: Not applicable.
Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
