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Article History

Received: 10 May 2023

Accepted: 13 August 2024

First Online: 19 August 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nara Medical University (Reference no. CRB5180011). All the experiment was conducted according to the Helsinki Declaration. All participants gave written informed consent before participants’ enrollment.

: Not applicable.

: HM received grants from Eli Lilly Japan K.K. and Novartis Pharma K.K. CS received grants and personal fees from MSD, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Sanofi K.K., Eli Lilly Japan K.K., Novartis Pharma K.K., Takeda Pharmaceutical, Taisho Toyama Pharmaceutical Co, Fujifilm Pharma, Abbott Japan, AstraZeneca, Kowa Co, Ono Pharmaceutical Co, and Sumitomo Dainippon Pharma. KN received grants from Philips Japan Co., Terumo Co., and Daiichi Sankyo Co. SK received grants from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation. MN received grants from MSD, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Novartis and Takeda. MK received compensation as an advisor of the medical consulting firm Reason Why, Inc., payments for lectures from Fuji Yakuhin, Pfizer, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Teijin, Fuji Film, Baxter, and Otsuka Pharmaceutical, and grants from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, Daiichi Sankyo Co., and Fuji Yakuhin. KH received grants, personal fees, and non-financial support from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Co., MSD, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, Novartis, Takeda, Astellas, Daiichi Sankyo, Amgen, Novo Nordisk Pharma, Kyowa Hakko Kirin, Ono, Sumitomo Dainippon, AstraZeneca, Taisho Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, and OMRON HEALTHCARE, MSD, Sanofi, Eli Lilly, and Takeda. MI, TH and YM declare no competing interests.