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Authors
Chou, Yu-Yun
Liu, Feng-Hsuan
Lin, Chia-Hung
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CMRPG3M0881, CMRPG3M0882, CMRPG3M2141, CORPG3P0181)
National Science and Technology Council, ROC (NSTC 112-2314-B-182-038)
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Article History
Received: 13 October 2025
Accepted: 14 November 2025
First Online: 21 November 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Institutional Review Board (IRB) of the Chang Gung medical Foundation (Approval No. 202101096B0), and adhered to the principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Participants provided their informed consent. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
