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Article History

Received: 19 October 2025

Accepted: 22 December 2025

First Online: 9 January 2026

Declarations

:

: The study protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Wuhan Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital. All procedures were conducted in accordance with the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki. Research data were securely stored in compliance with institutional privacy and data protection regulations.

: Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.