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Authors
Hua, Jie
Jiang, Qingqing
Cao, Shiyi
Wang, Furong
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Key Research and Development Program of Hubei Province (2020BCA089)
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Article History
Received: 19 January 2026
Accepted: 2 March 2026
First Online: 13 March 2026
Declarations
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: Ethical approval for the CHARLS study was granted by the Biomedical Ethics Review Board of Peking University (IRB00001052-11015), and written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to enrollment. The study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
