Almemari, Salma
Almulla, Nour
Alsarraf, Yasmin
Badri, Ghada
Khan, Nelofar Sami
Funding for this research was provided by:
Gulf Medical University
Article History
Received: 12 February 2026
Accepted: 8 April 2026
First Online: 12 April 2026
Declarations
:
: The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of Gulf Medical University ( Ref. no. IRB-COM-STD-60-Jan-2025 ). As this was a retrospective study using anonymized electronic health records, the requirement for informed consent was waived.
: Consent to publish was not applicable, as this study involved retrospective analysis of anonymized electronic health records with no identifiable patient information.
: The authors declare no competing interests.