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Article History

Received: 2 June 2026

Accepted: 30 July 2026

First Online: 1 August 2026

Declarations

Ethics approval and consent to participate: The original cohort was recruited under ethics approval granted by the Institutional Ethics Committee of Istanbul Medipol University (protocol code 10840098-604.01.01-1041, date of approval: 21 January 2016). The present study represents a retrospective secondary analysis of this cohort, for which separate ethics approval was obtained from the same committee (protocol code E-10840098-50.04-2669, date of approval: 13 April 2026), in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants at the time of original enrolment, covering the use of their clinical data and biological samples for research purposes.

Consent for publication: Not applicable.

Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.