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Comparative effects of e-cigarette smoking on periodontal status, salivary pH, and cotinine levels

Published Online: 2024-07-29

Authors

Hasan, Nurul Wahida Mohd

Baharin, Badiah

Mohd, Nurulhuda

Rahman, Mariati Abdul

Hassan, Nooraryana
Funding

Funding for this research was provided by:

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (DD-2020-007)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (DD-2020-007)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (DD-2020-007)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (DD-2020-007)

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (DD-2020-007)
License Information

Text and Data Mining valid from 2024-07-29

Version of Record valid from 2024-07-29
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Article History

Received: 10 September 2023

Accepted: 23 July 2024

First Online: 29 July 2024

Declarations

:

: The present study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee UKM Kuala Lumpur, Ma-laysia (UKM PPI/111/8/JEP-2020–615) and Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC) (NMRR-20–1848-56186 (IIR)), Ministry of Health, Malaysia. All participants in this study provided written informed consent before being included in the study.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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