Liu, He
Wang, Xi
Wang, Zhejun
Shen, Ya
Article History
Received: 8 June 2024
Accepted: 9 January 2025
First Online: 18 January 2025
Declarations
:
: The clinical Research Ethics committee of the University of British Columbia (certificate H1202430) approved the protocol of this study. All participants provided signed informed consent, authorizing the use of their extracted premolars for research purposes. The authors ensure that all procedures were conducted in line with relevant guidelines and regulations.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.