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Authors
Gamal, Abdelazim
Aldamaty, Mohamed F.
Mohamed, Hussein R.
Othman, Hesham I.
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Article History
Received: 16 September 2024
Accepted: 2 April 2025
First Online: 11 July 2025
Declarations
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: The study proposal was approved by Research Ethics Committee of Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. (Ethical code: 686/3893). Considering the retrospective nature of the study, the informed consent to participate is waived by the same ethics committee. This study was conducted in compliance with the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring that ethical standards were met throughout the research process.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
