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Article History

Received: 24 January 2025

Accepted: 9 May 2025

First Online: 24 May 2025

Declarations

:

: This study followed the guidelines governing research involving human subjects at the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University. The research protocol was reviewed and approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt (Approval Number: M0306023OM). All procedures involving human participants followed the ethical standards set by the institutional research committee and the principles outlined in the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its subsequent amendments or equivalent ethical standards. Informed consent was acquired from all participants involved in the study (provided as a supplementary file).

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.