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Authors
Williams, Joanna G.
Albers, Patricia Nicole
El-Yousfi, Sarab
Marshman, Zoe
Patel, Reena
Porter, Alice
d’Apice, Katrina
Breheny, Katie
de Vocht, Frank
Metcalfe, Chris
Witton, Robert
Kipping, Ruth
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) School of Public Health Research (PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015, PD-SPH-2015)
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Article History
Received: 23 August 2024
Accepted: 12 May 2025
First Online: 3 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was granted ethical approval via the Health Research Authority (HRA) IRAS system (IRAS project ID: 292280) and The North of Scotland Research Ethics Service. Participants were fully informed of the steps involved in the research and that participation was completely voluntary and they could withdraw at any point without giving a reason. Participants were provided with the option to sign an electronic or paper-based consent form. Health visitors explained the study and assisted the families with signing consent, where necessary. Families gave consent to be involved in the study and provided additional consent to complete the telephone interview.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
