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Article History

Received: 28 January 2025

Accepted: 12 May 2025

First Online: 21 May 2025

Declarations

:

: The provisions of the Declaration of Helsinki were respected, given that the study is retrospective and that patient saliva samples were used, which were taken after verbally informing the patients about the research and their verbal and signed informed consent. The research protocol was both performed in accordance with the ethical standards as laid down in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Ethics Committee of the Clinic for Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Nis (decision No. 20/11-2017-6EO, dated 31.10. 2019). A written consent form, containing a detailed study description and a sociodemographic questionnaire, was signed by the participants and the researchers by hand.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.