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Comparative evaluation of responses from DeepSeek-R1, ChatGPT-o1, ChatGPT-4, and dental GPT chatbots to patient inquiries about dental and maxillofacial prostheses

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-025-06267-w

Published Online: 2025-05-31

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

Authors

Özcivelek, Tuğgen https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0944-0865
Özcan, Berna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2676-4231
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Text and Data Mining valid from 2025-05-31

Version of Record valid from 2025-05-31
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Article History

Received: 19 April 2025

Accepted: 26 May 2025

First Online: 31 May 2025

Declarations

:

: Not applicable. As this in silico study does not involve any material or data related with human participants or animals, ethical approval is not required and applicable.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.

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