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Authors
Jiang, Shuai
Liang, Chen
Jing, Jing
Wang, Mengmeng
Sun, Hao
Zuo, Bingli
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Qingdao Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (22-3-7-lczx-7-nsh)
Qingdao Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases (22-3-7-lczx-7-nsh)
Qingdao Key Health Discipline Development Fund
Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Oral Medicine
Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality (J230038)
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Article History
Received: 17 March 2025
Accepted: 5 June 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The data used in this study were obtained from the NHANES, which is publicly available and de-identified. NHANES is approved by the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) Ethics Review Board, and all participants provided written informed consent. No additional ethical approval was required for this secondary analysis.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
