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Authors
Zhang, Yiyan
Wang, Peiyan
Jiang, Chunmiao
Liu, Yi
Ma, Xiangyu
Liu, Yang
Fan, Cunhui
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82001086)
China Oral Health Foundation (A2023-023)
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Article History
Received: 16 August 2024
Accepted: 16 June 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University (approval number: QYFY WZLL 28646). Written informed consent was obtained from the subject.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
