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Authors
Esmael, Eman M.
El-Hosary, Amina M.
EL-Desouky, Shaimaa S.
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Tanta University
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Article History
Received: 20 July 2024
Accepted: 7 July 2025
First Online: 18 July 2025
Declarations
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: _not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: .
: Before the start of the study, an agreement was gained from the Research Ethics committee at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, code: (#PED-08-22-4), this complied with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and its subsequent amendments. Also, agreements were obtained from Education affairs, and school authorities. Informed written consent to examine children was signed from their parents and their children after mailing letters to clarify the aim of the present study.
