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Article History

Received: 19 January 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 25 July 2025

Declarations

:

: The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki, and approved by the Swedish Ethical Review Authority approved this study (daybook no. [Dnr]: 2023-07228-01), which adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines for reporting observational studies. The study was carried out with complete anonymity at both the patient and the dentist level. The data were fully anonymized, rendering it impossible to trace them back to individual patients. As a result, obtaining consent was not feasible. Hence, the Swedish Ethical Review Board Authority approved the study without requiring patient consent.

: Not applicable.

: BG reports financial support was provided by Regional Counsel of Scania County. NHvE reports a relationship with Public Dental Service Stockholm that includes: employment. ANA reports a relationship with Smile Dentistry that includes: employment. PM declares no competing interest. PM declares that they have no competing interests.