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Authors
Guan, Yunlin
Xu, Jiarong
Qiu, Junhong
Cai, Hao
Xia, Wenxuan
Ye, Zhou
Sang, Ting
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (82460186)
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Article History
Received: 24 May 2025
Accepted: 14 July 2025
First Online: 19 July 2025
Declarations
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: This study was approved by the medical ethics committee of the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanchang University, China, Ethics Approval Number: (Ethical Review of Dentistry 2024 No. (084)). The use of human tissue samples was performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations. All methods were carried out in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to inclusion in this study. The consent process included detailed explanations of research objectives, procedures, risks, and benefits, and participants retained the right to withdraw at any stage.
: Not applicable.
: Not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
