Document is current

Article History

Received: 26 April 2025

Accepted: 21 July 2025

First Online: 28 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Ethical approval was obtained from the Ethics Committee of the University of Ulm (approval reference: 189/23; approval date: 20 July 2023). The study adhered to the ethical standards of the institutional research committee and the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki and its later amendments. For this non-interventional retrospective study, all data were anonymized and de-identified prior to analysis. The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee of the University of Ulm (approval reference: 189/23; approval date: 20 July 2023).

: The authors declare no competing interests.

: The authors declare no relevant financial or non-financial competing interests related to the content of this article. All authors confirm they have no affiliations or involvement with any organization or entity with financial or non-financial interests in the subject matter discussed. The authors also declare no proprietary interests in any material presented in this study.

: Preliminary data from this study will be presented at the 4th National Congress of Dental Societies (DGZMK/DGMKG), Berlin, Germany, 30 October–1 November 2025.

: Not applicable.