Hassanein, Passant H.
Samaha, Abdel Wahab M.
Zakaria, Azza S.
Talaat, Dalia M.
Funding for this research was provided by:
Alexandria University
Article History
Received: 3 September 2024
Accepted: 28 July 2025
First Online: 23 September 2025
Declarations
:
: Before beginning the study, ethical approval was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Egypt (IRB NO 00010556-IORG 0008839-12/2022) and was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05983900) on (09/06/2023). Informed consent from the parents and/or legal guardians and the children’s consent to participate in the study were obtained. This study was conducted and reported according to the CONSORT guidelines and in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki.
: The parents and participants gave their informed consent for publication so that they could be photographed for research.
: The authors declare no competing interests.